النص العربي
البِرُّ حُسْنُ الخُلُقِ، وَالإِثْمُ مَا حَاكَ فِي صَدْرِكَ وَكَرِهْتَ أَنْ يَطَّلِعَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ
الترجمة الإنجليزية
Righteousness is good character. Sin is what wavers in your chest and you would dislike for people to discover.
— an-Nawwās ibn Sam‘ān (RA) (Muslim)
الشرح
The internal compass: when an act unsettles you and you'd hide it from people — there is something wrong, even if it can't be named.
شرح موسّع
Two definitions in one breath. Birr (righteousness) = good character. Ithm (sin) = what unsettles you and you would hide from people. The first hands us the standard for action; the second hands us the internal alarm system.
Ibn Rajab notes: the Prophet ﷺ refers the sinner to his own heart — ‘istafti qalbak’ in the related Wābiṣah hadith. The fitrah, when not fully buried, recognises sin even when scholars permit something out of subtle interpretation. This is not license to follow desire over revelation — but a confirmation that, in matters where revelation is silent or ambiguous, the sound believer’s heart leans away from what disturbs it.
من كلام أهل العلم
"The unease of the heart is for the believer whose fitrah is alive. For the one whose heart is dead from sin, even great evils no longer unsettle him — so the sign no longer applies to him."
"Good character is not just gentleness — it is restraint when angry, generosity when poor, forgiveness when wronged, and patience when tested."
الفقه والأحكام
- •Birr includes obligatory worship — but here, the Prophet ﷺ singles out character, indicating its weight.
- •‘What you would hide from people’ is a sign of sin — but does NOT mean ‘what is socially unfashionable.’ Cultural shame is not the criterion; revelation is.
- •If the heart is unsettled in a clearly halal matter (e.g., a permitted business transaction), it may be wara‘ — leaving for the safer is recommended.
الصلة بآيات القرآن
مفردات عربية مفتاحية
righteousness / goodness
good character
wavered / unsettled
to discover / find out
تأمل اليوم
Listen to your fitrah today. What unsettles you? Pull away.
أبرز الفوائد
- 1Character is a measure of religion.
- 2The sound heart is its own evidence.
أخطاء شائعة وتنبيهات
- ⚠Heart-based judgement is not a substitute for sharī‘ah-based ruling — when revelation speaks clearly, the heart submits.
- ⚠‘I would hide it from people’ can be misused — some good deeds (private worship, secret ṣadaqah) are also hidden out of ikhlāṣ. The criterion is unease, not concealment alone.
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