Definition

The unanimous agreement of qualified Muslim scholars of an era on a ruling. Considered binding evidence in the Sharī‘ah — the third source after Qur'an and Sunnah.

Pronunciation: ij-MĀ‘

Etymology & Root

From ج-م-ع (j-m-‘), meaning 'to gather, to bring together.'

Usage in the Sunnah

'My Ummah will not unite upon misguidance.' (Tirmidhī 2167 — ḥasan by collective routes)

Scholarly Notes

The most reliable ijmā‘ is that of the Companions, then the early generations. Claims of 'modern ijmā‘' on contested issues should be examined critically.

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